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Neonatal gastrointestinal perforation in Japan: a nationwide survey

Masahito Sato^1,2, Yoshinori Hamada³, Miyuki Kohno³

¹Committee of Academic Surveys and Advanced Medical Science, Japanese Society of Pediatric Surgeons, Tokyo, Japan. ms-sato@kitano-hp.or.jp.

Pediatric Surgery International

|October 4, 2016

Abstract

Purpose:

The purpose of this study is to identify the current clinical features of neonatal gastrointestinal perforation in Japan.

Methods:

A questionnaire about cases of neonatal gastrointestinal perforation treated in recent 5 years was sent to participating institutions of the Japanese Society of Pediatric Surgeons (JSPS).

Results:

Five hundred and thirty-six neonates with gastrointestinal perforation were treated. They consisted of 42 patients with gastric rupture/perforation (GR), 33 patients with intestinal atresia/stenosis (IA), 3 patients with malrotation (ML), 118 patients with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), 160 patients with focal intestinal perforation (FIP), 46 patients with meconium-related ileus (MRI), 77 patients with meconium peritonitis (MP), and 57 patients with other conditions. The total mortality rate was 20.5 %. The mortality rates of the patients with GR, IA, ML, NEC, FIP, MRI, and MP were 9.5, 9.1, 0, 33.1, 20.6, 28.2, and 9.1 %, respectively. In 263 cases involving extremely low-birth-weight neonates (ELBW), 108 died (mortality rate 41.1 %). The mortality rates for ELBW with GR, NEC, FIP, MRI, MP, and other conditions were 27.3 % (3/11), 58.5 % (48/82), 21.6 % (24/111), 70.6 % (24/34), 57.1 % (4/7), and 27.8 % (5/18), respectively.

Conclusions:

The mortality rates for ELBW decreased from 62.8 % in the previous survey to 41.1 % by the time of this survey.

Keywords:

Gastrointestinal perforation IFALD Japanese Society of Pediatric Surgeons National clinical database Nationwide surveillance Neonatal surgery

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