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Does being overweight affect seminal variables in fertile men?

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Obesity negatively impacts male fertility by reducing sperm quality and increasing oxidative stress. Even overweight men show diminished sperm parameters and higher DNA fragmentation compared to normal-weight individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Andrology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Obesity is a growing global health concern.
  • Increasing body mass index (BMI) is linked to various health issues.
  • The impact of overweight and obesity on male fertility requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effect of being overweight and obese on seminal variables in fertile men.
  • To investigate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and sperm parameters.
  • To determine the relationship between BMI, seminal reactive oxygen species (ROS), and sperm DNA fragmentation.

Main Methods:

  • 165 fertile men were categorized into normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m²), overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m²), and obese (BMI >30 kg/m²) groups.
  • Semen analysis included sperm concentration, motility, and morphology.
  • Seminal reactive oxygen species (ROS), sperm vitality, and sperm DNA fragmentation were measured.

Main Results:

  • Obese men exhibited significantly lower sperm concentration, progressive motility, and normal morphology compared to normal-weight men (P < 0.05).
  • Obese men had significantly higher seminal ROS and sperm DNA fragmentation than normal-weight and overweight men (P < 0.05).
  • BMI showed negative correlations with sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and vitality, and positive correlations with DNA fragmentation and seminal ROS (all P < 0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Increased BMI negatively affects semen parameters in fertile men.
  • Obesity is associated with reduced sperm quality and increased oxidative stress.
  • Weight management may be crucial for maintaining male reproductive health.