The role of microRNAs in colorectal cancer

Ali Mohammadi1, Behzad Mansoori1, Behzad Baradaran2

  • 1Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Insights

MicroRNAs are key regulators in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. This review highlights their potential as biomarkers for CRC diagnosis, prognosis, and novel therapeutic strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading global cancer.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, regulate crucial cellular processes like differentiation and apoptosis.
  • Dysregulation of miRNAs is implicated in CRC carcinogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted roles of microRNAs in colorectal cancer.
  • To explore the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for CRC.
  • To discuss miRNA-based therapeutic strategies for CRC treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating microRNA involvement in CRC.
  • Analysis of research on miRNA expression patterns in CRC patients.
  • Examination of emerging therapeutic approaches utilizing microRNAs.

Main Results:

  • Specific miRNA expression profiles can differentiate CRC from other colon diseases.
  • miRNAs show promise as predictive biomarkers for chemotherapy response.
  • Tumor suppressor miRNA replacement therapy offers a novel therapeutic avenue for CRC.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are integral to CRC development and progression.
  • miRNAs represent valuable biomarkers for CRC diagnosis and prognosis.
  • Targeting microRNAs holds significant potential for innovative CRC molecular therapies.

Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
4.2K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
24.5K
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

12.0K
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
5.0K