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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Models of Alzheimer's Disease to Screen Genes, Mutations, and Chemicals Affecting Amyloid Beta Production by γ-Secretase

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RGS2 expression predicts amyloid-β sensitivity, MCI and Alzheimer's disease: genome-wide transcriptomic profiling and

A Hadar¹, E Milanesi¹, A Squassina²

¹Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Translational Psychiatry

|October 5, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified reduced RGS2 (regulator of G-protein signaling 2) expression as a predictor of Alzheimer's disease (AD) sensitivity. Lower RGS2 levels in blood and brain may aid early AD detection and therapeutic development.

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Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction PPI Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction PPI Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: November 14, 2017

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Genetics
Biomarker Discovery

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau tangles.
The role of Aβ in AD pathogenesis is debated, as Aβ deposits are also found in non-demented individuals.
Individual susceptibility to Aβ neurotoxicity may influence AD development.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify genes predicting sensitivity to Aβ neurotoxicity.
To explore RGS2 as a potential biomarker for early AD detection and therapeutic target.

Main Methods:

Genome-wide transcriptomic profiling of lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from healthy and AD individuals.
Real-time PCR validation of gene expression.
Analysis of published gene expression datasets from postmortem brain tissues and blood samples.

Main Results:

Reduced expression of RGS2 (regulator of G-protein signaling 2) was observed in LCLs sensitive to Aβ.
RGS2 expression was significantly lower in AD patients' LCLs compared to controls and correlated with cognitive function.
Lower RGS2 levels were confirmed in AD brain tissues and blood samples from individuals with mild cognitive impairment and AD.

Conclusions:

Reduced RGS2 expression is linked to Aβ sensitivity and Alzheimer's disease.
RGS2 represents a potential novel biomarker for early AD detection.
RGS2 may serve as a target for future disease-modifying therapeutics.