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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
06:04

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Published on: March 24, 2023

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Speech recognition outcomes in Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant users with fine structure processing.

Beier Qi1,2, Ziye Liu3, Xin Gu1,2

  • 1a Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery , Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing , PR China.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica
|October 6, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Mandarin speakers can use the Fine Structure Processing (FSP) coding strategy effectively, with no performance loss after switching from Continuous Interleaved Sampling (CIS+). Tone perception improves over time with FSP, benefiting users of tonal languages.

Keywords:
Mandarincochlear implantfine structuresound coding strategytone identification

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Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The transition to advanced cochlear implant (CI) sound processing strategies, such as Fine Structure Processing (FSP), from earlier strategies like Continuous Interleaved Sampling (CIS+) is a critical decision for CI users.
  • Understanding the impact of these strategy upgrades on speech and tone perception, particularly for users of tonal languages like Mandarin, is essential for optimizing auditory rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the speech perception and tone perception abilities of Mandarin-speaking adults following an upgrade from the CIS+ to the FSP coding strategy.
  • To assess the subjective preferences and long-term satisfaction of Mandarin-speaking CI users with the FSP coding strategy.

Main Methods:

  • Thirteen Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant users were assessed at multiple time points (1, 2, and 3 months post-upgrade) after switching from CIS+ to FSP.
  • Speech perception was evaluated using the Mandarin Hearing in Noise Test (M-HINT), and tone perception was assessed with the Mandarin Tone Identification in Noise Test (M-TINT).
  • Subjective sound quality and speech perception were measured using a visual analogue scale for Sound and Speech Assessment (SSA).

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in speech perception (M-HINT) were found between the CIS+ and FSP strategies, or over time.
  • A significant improvement in tone perception (M-TINT) was observed over time with the FSP coding strategy.
  • After 3 months, participants rated the FSP strategy (with OPUS 2 device) as significantly more 'full' and 'rich' compared to the CIS+ strategy.

Conclusions:

  • Mandarin-speaking adults can successfully adapt to the FSP coding strategy, demonstrating comparable speech perception to the CIS+ strategy.
  • The FSP strategy offers a significant benefit for tone perception over time, which is particularly advantageous for users of tonal languages.
  • Long-term use of the FSP strategy leads to increased subjective preference for sound quality, described as 'full' and 'rich'.