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RORγt, a multitask nuclear receptor at mucosal surfaces.
G Eberl1,2
1Institut Pasteur, Microenvironment & Immunity Unit, Department of Immunology, Paris, France.
Mucosal Immunology
|October 6, 2016
Summary
RORγt is a key transcription factor for immune cells and lymphoid tissue development. This nuclear receptor links microbial immunity, circadian rhythms, and steroid metabolism, offering new therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- RORγt, initially an orphan nuclear receptor, has emerged as a crucial regulator in immunity.
- It plays a pivotal role in the development and function of type 3 innate lymphoid cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the multifaceted roles of RORγt in immune responses and tissue homeostasis.
- To highlight RORγt as a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of RORγt's function in immunity, development, and circadian regulation.
- Analysis of RORγt's role in type 3 lymphoid cells and epithelial stem cell biology.
Main Results:
- RORγt is essential for generating type 3 lymphoid cells, which govern lymphoid tissue development and epithelial defense.
- It mediates epithelial stem cell resistance to injury and maintains gut homeostasis with microbiota.
- RORγt regulates allergic responses and defends against extracellular microbes.
Conclusions:
- RORγt integrates anti-microbial immunity with circadian rhythms and steroid metabolism.
- Understanding RORγt's regulatory logic is crucial for developing novel treatments for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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