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Related Concept Videos

Ryan and Deci's Self-Determination Theory01:17

Ryan and Deci's Self-Determination Theory

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Self-Determination Theory (SDT), formulated by Richard Ryan and Edward Deci, explains that human motivation is driven by three fundamental psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. When these needs are met, individuals experience personal growth, intrinsic motivation, and overall well-being.
Autonomy is the need to feel in control of one's actions and decisions. For example, a student who chooses their research topic is likely to be more engaged and motivated than one who...
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Ethical dilemmas in nursing are of utmost importance, as they often arise from the tension between adhering to core ethical principles and the practical realities of healthcare delivery. These dilemmas require nurses to navigate complex situations where competing ethical considerations pull them in different directions.
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Nursing Ethical Principles II01:27

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Ethical principles are essential in guiding nurses to fulfill their responsibilities, focusing on the quality of nursing care and decision-making. These principles, including autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, shape the ethical framework within healthcare settings.
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Nursing Ethical Principles I01:22

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Ethical principles serve as the moral compass in the longstanding tradition of nursing, guiding healthcare professionals in their interactions with patients and families. These principles, namely autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, justice, and fidelity, provide a robust framework for navigating the ethical complexities of daily nursing practice.
Autonomy
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Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

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One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
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Self-Schemas02:16

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In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Characterization of the Sense of Agency over the Actions of Neural-machine Interface-operated Prostheses
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Respect for autonomy: deciding what is good for oneself.

Brent Michael Kious

    Journal of Medical Ethics
    |October 7, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary

    Autonomous individuals may err in judgment regarding their own well-being. This challenges the idea that personal aims solely define one's best interests, even in private decisions.

    Area of Science:

    • Philosophy of Mind
    • Ethics
    • Bioethics

    Background:

    • Paternalistic interference in autonomous decisions is generally considered impermissible.
    • The "agent-constitution of the good" view posits that autonomous agents determine their own best interests through their aims.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To argue against the "agent-constitution of the good" theory.
    • To demonstrate that autonomous agents can misjudge their own well-being.

    Main Methods:

    • Philosophical argumentation
    • Analysis of ethical theories
    • Examination of decision-making in private, self-regarding contexts

    Main Results:

    • The "agent-constitution of the good" is demonstrated to be a false view.
    Keywords:
    AutonomyClinical EthicsPaternalismPhilosophical Ethics

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  • Autonomous agents can indeed be mistaken about what constitutes their best interests.

    • Conclusions:

    • The "agent-constitution of the good" is an illusion, often arising from overlooking constraints in private decisions.
    • Revisiting the permissibility of paternalism in light of this finding is warranted.