Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems

Ophthalmic drug delivery faces major limitations due to poor absorption across the corneal membrane. This process is primarily driven by diffusion and is influenced by two main factors: the physicochemical properties of the drug and tear drainage. Most ophthalmic drugs, such as pilocarpine, epinephrine, atropine, and local anesthetics, are weak bases. They are typically formulated at an acidic pH to enhance chemical stability. However, this leads to high ionization, reducing their ability to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

[Optogenetic reactivation of dormant cone photoreceptors].

Die Ophthalmologie·2026

Same author

Retinal ganglion cell survival and functional maturation in transiently vascularized human retinal organoids.

Cell stem cell·2026

Same author

Reproducible Human Neural Circuits Printed with Single-Cell Precision Reveal the Functional Roles of Ephaptic Coupling.

ACS nano·2025

Same author

Optogenetic tools and their applications for therapeutic intervention in end-stage inherited retinal diseases.

Molecular aspects of medicine·2025

Same author

Author Correction: Reliability of high-quantity human brain organoids for modeling microcephaly, glioma invasion and drug screening.

Nature communications·2025

Same author

Reliability of high-quantity human brain organoids for modeling microcephaly, glioma invasion and drug screening.

Nature communications·2024

Same journal

Fast-conducting mechanonociceptors uniquely engage reflexive and affective pain circuitry to drive protective responses.

Neuron·2026

Same journal

Sparse component analysis: A method that uncovers separable computations within neural population activity.

Neuron·2026

Same journal

Spatiomolecular mapping reveals anatomical organization of heterogeneous cell types in the human nucleus accumbens.

Neuron·2026

Same journal

TGF-β1-induced endothelial transcytosis drives blood-brain barrier leakage during aging.

Neuron·2026

Same journal

Image space opens up for visual neuroscience.

Neuron·2026

Same journal

Septal GLP-1 receptors control alcohol taking and seeking.

Neuron·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Slow-release Drug Delivery through Elvax 40W to the Rat Retina: Implications for the Treatment of Chronic Conditions

Slow-release Drug Delivery through Elvax 40W to the Rat Retina: Implications for the Treatment of Chronic Conditions

Published on: September 17, 2014

Vision Restoration Becomes Druggable.

Simon Darius Klapper¹, Volker Busskamp¹

¹Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany.

|October 7, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers found how small-molecule photoswitches activate retinal OFF-ganglion cells in degenerated retinas. This breakthrough offers a potential treatment for blindness caused by various retinal mutations.

More Related Videos

Ocular Therapeutic Delivery and Advanced Tissue Retrieval in Adult Rats

Ocular Therapeutic Delivery and Advanced Tissue Retrieval in Adult Rats

Published on: May 23, 2025

A Step by Step Protocol for Subretinal Surgery in Rabbits

A Step by Step Protocol for Subretinal Surgery in Rabbits

Published on: September 13, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Slow-release Drug Delivery through Elvax 40W to the Rat Retina: Implications for the Treatment of Chronic Conditions

Slow-release Drug Delivery through Elvax 40W to the Rat Retina: Implications for the Treatment of Chronic Conditions

Published on: September 17, 2014

Ocular Therapeutic Delivery and Advanced Tissue Retrieval in Adult Rats

Ocular Therapeutic Delivery and Advanced Tissue Retrieval in Adult Rats

Published on: May 23, 2025

A Step by Step Protocol for Subretinal Surgery in Rabbits

A Step by Step Protocol for Subretinal Surgery in Rabbits

Published on: September 13, 2016

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Ophthalmology
Pharmacology

Background:

Retinal degeneration leads to vision loss.
Current treatments for blindness are limited.
Targeting specific retinal cells offers therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the mechanism of small-molecule photoswitch entry and activation.
To investigate the specific activation of retinal OFF-ganglion cells.
To advance drug development for treating blindness.

Main Methods:

Utilized small-molecule photoswitches.
Focused on degenerated retinal models.
Investigated cellular activation mechanisms.

Main Results:

Identified the mechanism of photoswitch entry into retinal cells.
Demonstrated specific activation of OFF-ganglion cells.
Established a pathway for therapeutic intervention.

Conclusions:

Small-molecule photoswitches can specifically activate retinal OFF-ganglion cells.
This mechanism represents a significant advancement in treating blindness.
The approach holds promise regardless of the specific genetic cause of retinal degeneration.