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Quantitative extraction of Rh(iii) using ionic liquids and its simple separation from Pd(ii)
Lenka Svecova1, Nicolas Papaiconomou2, Isabelle Billard1
1Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, LEPMI, F-38000, Grenoble, France and CNRS, LEPMI, F-38000, Grenoble, France.
Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|October 7, 2016
Summary
This study explores the extraction of palladium(ii) and rhodium(iii) using novel ionic liquids. [P66614][Cl] and [P66614][Br] show high efficiency in separating these metals from acidic solutions.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Inorganic Chemistry
- Separation Science
Background:
- Efficient separation of precious metals like palladium(ii) and rhodium(iii) is crucial for recycling and industrial applications.
- Ionic liquids offer tunable properties for selective metal extraction, but their performance varies with cation and anion choice.
- Understanding the extraction behavior of palladium(ii) and rhodium(iii) in different acidic media is essential for process optimization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the extraction efficiency of palladium(ii) and rhodium(iii) from hydrochloric acid solutions using three distinct ionic liquids.
- To evaluate the separation capability of selected ionic liquids for palladium(ii) and rhodium(iii) mixtures.
- To determine the influence of hydrochloric acid concentration and ionic liquid composition on metal extraction.
Main Methods:
- Systematic extraction experiments were conducted using three ionic liquids: [P66614][Cl], [P66614][Br], and [P66614][DCA].
- Varying concentrations of hydrochloric acid (1-8 M) were used as the acidic medium for metal ion solutions.
- Distribution coefficients (D) for Pd(ii) and Rh(iii) were measured to quantify extraction efficiency and selectivity.
Main Results:
- Quantitative extraction of Pd(ii) was achieved up to 6 M HCl, with distribution coefficients exceeding 3000.
- A distribution coefficient of 258 for Rh(iii) was reported when extracted from 1 M HCl using [P66614][Br].
- [P66614][Cl] and [P66614][Br] demonstrated high efficiency in separating Pd(ii) and Rh(iii) from solutions with ≥ 6 M HCl.
Conclusions:
- The ionic liquids [P66614][Cl] and [P66614][Br] are highly effective for the selective separation of palladium(ii) and rhodium(iii).
- High concentrations of HCl significantly enhance the extraction and separation of these precious metals.
- The choice of anion in the phosphonium-based ionic liquid plays a critical role in the extraction performance.
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