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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Microscopy Techniques01:22

Overview of Microscopy Techniques

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The early pioneers of microscopy opened a window into the invisible world of microorganisms. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes that leveraged nonvisible light, such as fluorescence microscopy that uses an ultraviolet light source and electron microscopy that uses short-wavelength electron beams. These advances significantly improved magnification, image resolution, and contrast. By comparison, the...
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Overview of Electron Microscopy01:25

Overview of Electron Microscopy

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The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
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Two-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology01:29

Two-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

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Two-dimensional (2D) microscopy encompasses a range of optical techniques that capture images within a single focal plane, offering detailed representations of microscopic structures. These techniques are essential in biological and medical research, enabling the visualization of cellular and subcellular structures with different levels of contrast and specificity.There are several major types of 2D microscopy, each with strengths and applications.Bright-Field MicroscopyBright-field microscopy...
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Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

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Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...
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Fixation and Sectioning01:03

Fixation and Sectioning

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Two basic types of preparation are used to visualize specimens with a light microscope: wet mounts and fixed specimens.
The simplest type of preparation is the wet mount, in which the specimen is placed in a drop of liquid on the slide. A liquid specimen can be directly deposited on the slide using a dropper. Solid specimens, such as skin scraping, can be placed on the slide before adding a drop of liquid to prepare the wet mount. Sometimes the liquid is simply water, but stains are often added...
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Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology01:28

Three-Dimensional Microscopy in Microbiology

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Three-dimensional imaging techniques are essential in cell biology, allowing researchers to visualize intricate cellular structures with high resolution. Two prominent methods, Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy (DIC) and Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM), provide distinct advantages for imaging live and thick specimens, respectively.Differential Interference Contrast MicroscopyDIC microscopy enhances contrast in transparent, unstained samples by converting phase...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Rapid Freezing using Sandwich Freezing Device for Good Ultrastructural Preservation of Biological Specimens in Electron Microscopy
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Rapid Freezing using Sandwich Freezing Device for Good Ultrastructural Preservation of Biological Specimens in Electron Microscopy

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Under the microscope.

Jon Glasby1

  • 1At the Health Services Management Centre, University of Birmingham.

Nursing Older People
|October 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Local authorities can now scrutinise NHS work, including reorganisations and service changes, thanks to new powers granted by the Health and Social Care Act 2001. This enhances local oversight of healthcare services.

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Policy
  • Public Administration
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • The Health and Social Care Act 2001 introduced significant changes to the governance of health services in the UK.
  • Local authorities play a crucial role in representing community interests regarding public services.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the new powers granted to local authorities for scrutinising the National Health Service (NHS).
  • To highlight the scope of these powers, particularly concerning NHS reorganisations and service changes at the local level.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of legislative provisions within the Health and Social Care Act 2001.
  • Review of guidance and documentation pertaining to local authority oversight of the NHS.

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A Method for Obtaining Serial Ultrathin Sections of Microorganisms in Transmission Electron Microscopy
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A Method for Obtaining Serial Ultrathin Sections of Microorganisms in Transmission Electron Microscopy

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Related Experiment Videos

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Main Results:

  • Local authorities are empowered to scrutinise NHS activities within their jurisdiction.
  • These scrutiny powers specifically encompass decisions related to NHS reorganisations and alterations in service provision.

Conclusions:

  • The Health and Social Care Act 2001 has formally enhanced the role of local authorities in overseeing local NHS operations.
  • This legislative change aims to improve accountability and responsiveness of the NHS to local needs and priorities.