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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

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Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

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In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
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Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
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Serum Laboratory Studies, Stool Test, Breath Test01:30

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Gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic studies are pivotal in confirming, ruling out, diagnosing, or staging various diseases, including cancers. Following diagnosis, allocating time for discussions with the patient and providing informational resources is crucial. Diagnostic assessments of the GI tract often occur in outpatient settings like endoscopy suites or GI labs. Preparation for these tests may include dietary restrictions, fasting, liquid bowel preparations, laxatives, enemas, and the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Diagnosis of Hirschsprung's Disease by Immunostaining Rectal Suction Biopsies for Calretinin, S100 Protein and Protein Gene Product 9.5
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Calprotectin: Clinical Applications in Pediatrics.

Oscar R Herrera1, Michael L Christensen2, Richard A Helms2

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Pharmacy, Memphis, Tennessee ; State of Tennessee Center of Excellence in Pediatric Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutics, Memphis, Tennessee.

The Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics : JPPT : the Official Journal of PPAG
|October 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Calprotectin is a valuable non-invasive biomarker for pediatric gastrointestinal inflammation. This review explores its use in various body fluids for monitoring inflammatory conditions in children.

Keywords:
biomarkerinflammationleukocyte L1 antigen complexpediatric

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Biomarker Research
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Calprotectin has emerged as a significant non-invasive biomarker for gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation over the last two decades.
  • This review focuses on the application of calprotectin in pediatric populations, examining its utility across various disease states.

Approach:

  • A comprehensive survey of published English-language studies on calprotectin in neonates, infants, children, and adolescents up to February 2014 was conducted.
  • The review discusses calprotectin's fundamental properties, including its characteristics, identification, presence in bodily fluids, and developmental aspects.
  • Evaluation of calprotectin's role in both GI and non-GI inflammatory conditions, with comparisons to existing serum markers, is presented.

Key Points:

  • Calprotectin concentrations in diverse body fluids can effectively monitor inflammation in pediatric patients.
  • The potential of calprotectin as a prospective marker for intestinal inflammation and readiness for feeding is explored.
  • Comparative analysis highlights calprotectin's performance against other available serum markers for inflammatory diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Calprotectin shows considerable promise as a monitoring tool in pediatric inflammatory conditions.
  • Further research is needed to establish calprotectin as a routine clinical tool for monitoring intestinal inflammation and guiding therapeutic interventions.
  • Prospective studies are essential to solidify calprotectin's role in clinical decision-making for pediatric GI health.