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[Oral anticoagulants for primary and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism]

Peter Gavorník, Andrej Dukát, Ľudovít Gašpar

    Vnitrni Lekarstvi
    |October 8, 2016
    PubMed

    Insights

    Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs/DOACs) offer an effective alternative to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for preventing venous thromboembolism. Real-world data confirm NOAC safety and efficacy, supporting their use in thromboprophylaxis.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Cardiology
    • Hematology

    Background:

    • Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) were the primary oral anticoagulants for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention.
    • Novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs), also known as direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), now offer an alternative to VKAs.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the efficacy and safety of NOACs compared to VKAs.
    • To discuss the real-world application of NOACs in thromboprophylaxis.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of clinical trials comparing NOACs (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban) with VKAs.
    • Analysis of real-world safety data for NOACs.

    Main Results:

    • NOACs demonstrated non-inferior or superior efficacy compared to VKAs in clinical trials.
    • Real-world safety data for NOACs align with findings from clinical trials.

    Conclusions:

    • NOACs are a viable and effective alternative to VKAs for VTE prevention and therapy.
    • Triple simultaneous prevention (pharmacological, kinesthetic, mechanical) is highlighted as the most effective VTE prophylaxis strategy.

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