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Related Concept Videos

Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

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The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
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Increased Body Temperature01:25

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A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

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Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Pneumonia IV: Management01:28

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The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
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Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

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Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
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Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
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Should we treat pyrexia? And how do we do it?

James F Doyle1, Frédérique Schortgen2

  • 1Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Surrey Peri-Operative Anaesthesia and Critical Care Collaborative Research Group, Intensive Care Unit, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Egerton Road, Guildford, GU2 7XX, Surrey, UK. james.doyle4@nhs.net.

Critical Care (London, England)
|October 8, 2016
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Summary

Fever (pyrexia) causes significant metabolic stress, challenging its protective role. While fever management benefits conditions like septic shock, cardiac arrest, and brain injury, avoiding hypothermia is crucial. Further research is needed for personalized fever control strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Thermoregulation

Background:

  • Fever (pyrexia) is traditionally viewed as a host defense mechanism.
  • Emerging evidence highlights the significant metabolic stress induced by fever.
  • The host's response to fever varies by disease, necessitating tailored management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of fever's role in host defense versus metabolic stress.
  • To evaluate the benefits and controversies surrounding fever management in various clinical conditions.
  • To discuss therapeutic options for fever control and identify areas for future research.

Main Methods:

  • This is a narrative review synthesizing findings from existing literature.
  • The review discusses the pathophysiology and management of pyrexia.
  • It examines therapeutic strategies including pharmacotherapy and surface cooling.

Main Results:

  • Fever management is beneficial in specific conditions like septic shock, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and acute brain injury.
  • Temperature control is safe and effective in septic shock but controversial in sepsis.
  • Pharmacotherapy and surface cooling show no significant advantage over each other.

Conclusions:

  • Fever management strategies should be individualized based on disease profile and severity.
  • Avoiding unintended hypothermia is a critical consideration in all fever treatment protocols.
  • Further research is required to optimize fever control for specific patient populations and conditions.