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Gender differences in outcomes following isolated coronary artery bypass grafting: long-term results

Francesco Nicolini1,2, Antonella Vezzani3, Daniela Fortuna4

  • 1Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department, Cardiac Surgery Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. francesco.nicolini@unipr.it.

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery
|October 8, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Gender impacts coronary artery bypass grafting outcomes. While women face higher risks of myocardial infarction and heart failure post-CABG, long-term survival is similar to men, with female gender not being an independent mortality predictor.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Clinical Outcomes Research
  • Gender Disparities in Healthcare

Background:

  • Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a critical intervention for coronary artery disease.
  • Understanding gender-specific outcomes after CABG is essential for personalized patient care.
  • Previous studies have shown varied results regarding gender differences in CABG outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of gender on 5-year outcomes following isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
  • To compare rates of mortality, myocardial infarction, re-hospitalization, stroke, and other complications between male and female patients undergoing CABG.

Main Methods:

  • A propensity-score matched analysis of 2662 patients (1331 males, 1331 females) undergoing isolated CABG.
  • Data collected from public and private centers in the Emilia-Romagna region, Italy (2003-2013).
  • Comparison of long-term outcomes including death, myocardial infarction, re-hospitalization, stroke, and need for revascularization.

Main Results:

  • While males received more bypass grafts, arterial revascularization rates were similar between genders.
  • No significant difference in all-cause, cardiac-related mortality, or stroke at five years.
  • Females had higher rates of myocardial infarction and a non-significant trend towards more heart failure and need for long-term care.
  • Males experienced higher re-hospitalization rates and pacemaker implantation needs.
  • Female gender was not an independent predictor of long-term mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Women are more prone to readmission with myocardial infarction and heart failure after CABG.
  • Despite these differences, long-term survival rates are comparable between genders.
  • Future research should focus on preventing postoperative myocardial infarction and optimizing complete coronary revascularization.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary artery bypass graftingCoronary artery diseaseGender

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