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Study Design for Navigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Speech Cortical Mapping
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How to include the variability of TMS responses in simulations: a speech mapping case study.

N De Geeter1, P Lioumis, A Laakso

  • 1Department of Electrical Energy, Systems and Automation, Ghent University, Belgium.

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Summary

This study numerically explored transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) variability in speech mapping. Small coil position changes significantly altered activated white matter tracts, impacting speech processing and highlighting the need for subject-specific models.

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Area of Science:

  • Computational neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is used for mapping speech-related brain areas preoperatively.
  • Variability in TMS responses necessitates a deeper understanding of underlying neural mechanisms.
  • Neuronavigation systems guide TMS coil placement but do not fully account for response variability.

Observation:

  • Four cases with minor coil position/orientation perturbations during a speech mapping experiment were analyzed.
  • One case (E) resulted in a naming error, while others (NEA, B, C) showed no disruption.
  • Realistic anisotropic head models and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based tractography were used for analysis.

Findings:

  • Induced electric field distributions showed minimal differences across cases.
  • Membrane potential computations revealed distinct white matter tract activation patterns.
  • A tract connecting Broca's and Wernicke's areas was activated only in the error case (E).

Implications:

  • Subject-specific modeling of electromagnetic fields and neuronal activity is crucial for understanding TMS variability.
  • Computational models can reveal how subtle coil variations impact neural network activation.
  • Further research is needed to refine neural models, incorporating synapses and network connections for enhanced accuracy.