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Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
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The autoimmunity-oral microbiome connection.

N G Nikitakis1, W Papaioannou2, L I Sakkas3

  • 1Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Dental School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

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The oral microbiome plays a key role in autoimmune diseases like Sjögren

Keywords:
Sjögren's syndromeautoimmunitycrohn's diseaselupus erythematosusoral microbiomerheumatoid arthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Oral Health

Background:

  • Complex microbial communities, particularly oral and gut microbiomes, are increasingly implicated in disease pathogenesis.
  • Growing evidence highlights the oral microbiome's significant role in the development and progression of autoimmune conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the association between oral microbiota and specific autoimmune diseases.
  • To explore factors contributing to immune system imbalance and microbial dysbiosis in autoimmunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current research on oral microbiota and autoimmune diseases.
  • Focus on mechanisms linking microbial composition, immune tolerance, and disease.

Main Results:

  • Discusses the link between oral microbiota and Sjögren's syndrome (SS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Crohn's disease (CD), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  • Highlights how dysbiosis, loss of immune tolerance, and microbial imbalance contribute to autoimmune disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • The oral microbiome is a critical factor in the pathogenesis and maintenance of several autoimmune diseases.
  • Understanding the interplay between the immune system and oral microbiota is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies.