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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

3.1K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
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Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice

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Tuft Cells: New Players in Colitis.

Shaun P Steele1, Stephanie J Melchor1, William A Petri1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.

Trends in Molecular Medicine
|October 9, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Tuft cells, chemosensory intestinal cells, are vital for immunity. Emerging research shows their critical role in protecting against gut infections and inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Tuft cells are specialized chemosensory epithelial cells in the intestine.
  • Recent studies highlight their roles in colorectal cancer, metabolic signaling, and type 2 immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the emerging evidence on tuft cell functions.
  • To investigate the protective roles of tuft cells during enteric infections and inflammatory conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on tuft cells.
  • Analysis of experimental data implicating tuft cells in immune responses.

Main Results:

  • Tuft cells play a significant role in type 2 immunity.
  • Evidence suggests tuft cells are crucial for host defense against enteric pathogens.

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Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine
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Related Experiment Videos

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Induction of Murine Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of Effector CD4+CD45RBhigh T Cells into Immunodeficient Mice
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Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice
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Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine
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Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine

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  • Tuft cells contribute to managing inflammatory responses in the gut.

    • Conclusions:

    • Tuft cells are key players in intestinal homeostasis and defense.
    • Further research into tuft cell-mediated immunity could reveal new therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases and infections.