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Airway tone dysfunction among pre-schoolers with positive asthma predictive index: A case-control study
V Lezana1, A Gajardo2, L Bofill2
1Hospital Naval Almirante Nef, Viña del Mar, Chile; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaiso, Chile.
Allergologia Et Immunopathologia
|October 9, 2016
Summary
Preschoolers with recurrent wheezing and a positive asthma predictive index (API) who use inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) may show airway dysfunction. Further research is needed to confirm these findings in pediatric lung function.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Respiratory Medicine
- Pediatric Asthma Research
Background:
- Recurrent wheezing in preschoolers is a common clinical problem.
- The Asthma Predictive Index (API) helps identify children at higher risk for persistent asthma.
- Lung function assessment in this age group is challenging but crucial for diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare lung function using impulse oscillometry (IOS) and spirometry in preschool children with recurrent wheezing.
- To evaluate lung function based on positive or negative Asthma Predictive Index (API) status.
- To investigate the impact of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use on lung function in this cohort.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 108 preschool children with recurrent wheezing episodes.
- Participants were categorized into positive API (n=50) and negative API (n=58) groups.
- Lung function was measured using IOS and spirometry, including pre- and post-bronchodilator assessments.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in overall lung function or bronchodilator response were found between positive and negative API groups.
- Preschoolers with positive API and ICS use exhibited higher basal central airway resistance (RA at 20Hz).
- Positive API children on ICS also showed a greater post-bronchodilator response in FEF25-75 and FEV0.5 compared to those not on ICS.
Conclusions:
- Recurrent wheezing preschoolers with a positive API and ICS treatment may present with underlying airway dysfunction.
- These findings suggest a potential link between API status, ICS use, and specific patterns of airway resistance.
- Further investigation is warranted to validate these observations and their clinical implications in pediatric respiratory health.
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