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Features of chronic renal disease in children

Olga N Ivanova1, Natalia A Savvina1, Victoria E Egorova1

  • 1Medical Institute of North -East Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov, Yakutsk, Russia.

Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)
|October 9, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) show altered levels of key hormones like osteocalcin, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone. Their immune system also exhibits reduced cellular and humoral immunity.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Endocrinology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health concern with significant morbidity.
  • CKD progression is linked to complex hormonal and immunological disturbances.
  • Understanding these changes in pediatric populations is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the levels of osteocalcin, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone in children with CKD.
  • To assess the immunological status, including cellular and humoral immunity, in pediatric CKD patients.
  • To correlate hormonal and immunological changes with the progression of chronic renal disease.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 10 children (7-14 years) with early-stage CKD (GFR 60-40 ml/min, creatinine 180 μmol/l).
  • A control group of 20 healthy children was used for comparison.
  • Hormone levels and immunological markers (CIK, IFN-γ, TNF-α) were measured.

Main Results:

  • Significantly elevated levels of calcitonin, osteocalcin, and parathyroid hormone were observed in children with CKD.
  • Reduced indices of cellular and humoral immunity were found in CKD patients.
  • Specific immune changes included increased CIK and decreased IFN-γ and TNF-α levels compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • Hormonal imbalances (calcitonin, osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone) are characteristic of all stages of CKD in children.
  • A consistent reduction in humoral and cellular immunity is evident across all stages of pediatric CKD.
  • These findings highlight the systemic impact of CKD on endocrine and immune functions in children.
Abstract

Keywords:
calcitoninchronic kidney diseaseosteocalcinparathormoneparathyroid hormone

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