Beneficial microorganisms for honey bees: problems and progresses.

Area of Science:

• Apiculture and Microbiology
• Insect Health and Disease Management

Background:

• Honey bees face numerous stressors impacting pollination and productivity.
• EU antibiotic ban necessitates natural alternatives for bee disease control.
• Understanding bee gut microbiota is key to developing health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the role of honey bee gut microbiota in health.
• To critically assess beneficial microorganisms for pest control and health support.
• To explore the application of the "probiotic concept" in bee science.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on bee gut microbiota and microbial applications.
• Analysis of studies using beneficial microorganisms (e.g., Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacillus).
• Evaluation of microbial strains from bee origins versus environmental sources.

Main Results:

• Applied microbial strains generally show positive effects on bee health and productivity.
• Bee-origin microbial strains appear particularly effective.
• Current research indicates a favorable trend but requires further validation.

Conclusions:

• Microbial applications offer a promising avenue for enhancing honey bee health.
• Optimization of experimental design, dosage, timing, and duration is crucial.
• Consideration of host immunity, physiology, and beekeeper needs is essential for practical application.