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Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Screening for Amyloid Aggregation by Semi-Denaturing Detergent-Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
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Staining and Transfer Techniques for SDS-PAGE Gels to Minimize Oil-in-Water Emulsion Adjuvant Interference

Alicia M Schwartz1, Michelle Y Chan1, Dawn M Fedor1

  • 1IDRI, 1616 Eastlake Avenue East, Suite 400, Seattle, WA, 98102, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|October 9, 2016
PubMed

Adjuvants in modern vaccines boost and shape immune responses and allow for antigen dose-sparing. Analysis of protein antigens in the presence of adjuvants can prove challenging, especially if the adjuvant interferes with visualization of the protein band on an SDS-PAGE gel. In this chapter, a variety of different techniques are presented to mitigate the interference of a nanoemulsion adjuvant, GLA-SE, with different recombinant proteins of varying molecular weight by addressing sample preparation and staining methods.

Keywords:
AdjuvantAntigenCoomassie stainGold stainPVDF membraneSDS-PAGESilver stain

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