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Fetal Echocardiography and Pulsed-wave Doppler Ultrasound in a Rabbit Model of Intrauterine Growth Restriction
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Genetic, metabolic and endocrine aspect of intrauterine growth restriction: an update

Deepak Sharma1, Pradeep Sharma2, Sweta Shastri3

  • 1a Consultant Neonatologist, Department of Neonatology , NEOCLINIC , TN Mishra Marg, Everest Vihar, Nirman Nagar , Jaipur , Rajasthan , India.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
|October 11, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) affects fetal growth potential, leading to complications. This review explores the genetic, metabolic, and endocrinal factors contributing to IUGR and small for gestational age (SGA) infants.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatology
  • Genetics
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) signifies fetal growth below potential, distinct from small for gestational age (SGA) newborns.
  • IUGR is associated with significant short- and long-term infant morbidities and mortalities.
  • The etiology of IUGR/SGA is multifactorial, involving maternal, placental, fetal, and genetic factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the genetic, metabolic, and endocrinal factors implicated in the development of IUGR.
  • To highlight the increasing role of genetic causes in IUGR, including maternal, placental, and fetal genes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on genetic, metabolic, and endocrinal causes of IUGR.
  • Synthesis of current understanding regarding the molecular biology of IUGR.

Main Results:

  • Genetic factors, including maternal, placental, and fetal genes, are increasingly recognized as causes of IUGR.
  • Metabolic and endocrinal dysregulations also play a significant role in fetal growth restriction.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the genetic, metabolic, and endocrinal underpinnings of IUGR is crucial for addressing its associated complications.
  • Further research into these factors can improve diagnosis and management of IUGR and SGA.

Keywords:
Intrauterine growth restrictionendocrinefetal genesmaternal genesmetabolicplacental genes

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