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Investigations on the GaIII Complex of EOB-DTPA and Its 68Ga Radiolabeled Analogue

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Gadolinium tissue deposition in brain and bone.

Nozomu Murata, Kiyoko Murata, Luis F Gonzalez-Cuyar

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

|October 11, 2016

Summary

Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) can deposit in brain tissue, even in patients with normal kidney function. Research is ongoing to understand the implications of this deposition and potential risks associated with different GBCA types.

Keywords:

Adverse effects Bone Brain Contrast agents Gadolinium NSF Tissue deposition

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Area of Science:

Radiology and Medical Imaging
Nephrology
Toxicology

Background:

Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) were considered safe until the association with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) was recognized in 2006.
Physician belief in GBCA safety for normal renal function was challenged by findings of gadolinium (Gd) deposition in brain tissue (2014).

Purpose of the Study:

To review and synthesize recent human and animal studies on Gd tissue deposition, focusing on the brain, bone, and skin.
To understand the implications of Gd deposition in patients with normal renal function and explore potential unrecognized toxicity.

Main Methods:

Review of recent human and animal studies.
Analysis of MR T1 signal intensity measurements in brain tissue.
Postmortem tissue analyses using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Main Results:

Gadolinium deposition occurs in brain tissue with both less stable linear agents and, at lower levels, with more stable linear and macrocyclic agents.
Gd deposition has also been observed in bone and skin tissues.
No adverse health effects have been documented to date, despite varying levels of Gd deposition.

Conclusions:

Gadolinium deposition in tissues, including the brain, occurs with various GBCA types, even in patients with normal renal function.
Further research is needed to understand the chemical forms of deposited Gd, relative risks of different agents, and potential downstream toxic effects.