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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Related Experiment Video

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Software-Assisted Quantitative Measurement of Osteoarthritic Subchondral Bone Thickness
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Histopathological subgroups in knee osteoarthritis.

L A Wyatt1, B J Moreton2, P I Mapp1

  • 1Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG5 1PB, UK; Division of Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage
|November 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex disease. This study identified three distinct OA subgroups based on histopathology, revealing that synovitis severity is key to defining these stages and improving targeted therapies.

Keywords:
BoneCartilageEarly osteoarthritisOsteoarthritisPhenotypeSynovitis

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Rheumatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex, multi-tissue disease with varied progression.
  • Understanding the histopathological features of OA is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if distinct histopathological features define different stages of knee OA progression.
  • To identify discrete OA subgroups based on validated histopathological measures.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of medial tibial plateaux and synovium from post-mortem and arthroplasty donations.
  • Rasch analysis of Mankin scores, supplemented with subchondral bone and synovitis scores.
  • Latent class analysis (LCA) to identify histopathological subgroups.

Main Results:

  • Chondropathy, synovitis, and osteochondral pathology were associated with OA but also present in controls.
  • Tidemark breaching was significantly greater in the OA group compared to controls.
  • Three histopathological subgroups were identified: mild OA, and severe OA with either mild or moderate/severe synovitis.

Conclusions:

  • Synovitis presence and severity are critical for defining distinct OA histopathological subgroups.
  • A pathological continuum exists between normal and OA states, with no discrete 'normal' subgroup.
  • Identifying OA subgroups and their clinical correlates can accelerate therapeutic development.