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Updated: Mar 13, 2026
Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
Published on: December 18, 2016
Ictal kissing: Electroclinical features of an unusual ictal phenomenon
Çiğdem Özkara1, Emine Taşkıran2, İrem Yıldırım Çarpraz3
1Department of Neurology, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Purpose:
The study aimed to describe the electroclinical features of ictal kissing, an unusual behavior that may occur during focal seizures.
Method:
Twenty-five patients collected from four epilepsy centers and previously published reports were reviewed for their demographic, clinical, and electrophysiological features.
Results:
Sixteen of 25 patients were female. The mean age was 32.9 years (9.9-51 years) and the average age at seizure onset was 14.5 years. All seizures were localized to the temporal lobe (TL) and lateralized to right side in 17 patients, left side in 2 patients, and unclear in 6 patients. A total of 55 ictal video electroencephalograms (EEGs) were analyzed. There were other symptoms such as speaking, spitting, hugging, and oral and upper-extremity automatisms along with different types of ictal kissing behavior during the seizures. The median duration of all seizures was 106.7±73.73s. Kissing occurred at a median time of 71s (1-95s) after the onset of seizure, and ictal epileptiform discharges usually involved TL during kissing episode.
Conclusion:
Ictal kissing is mainly associated with right TL and female gender, although association with left TL may also occurs, possibly related to the circuits involving temporo-insular structures.
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