Broadband anti-Stokes white emission of Sr₂CeO₄ nanocrystals induced by laser irradiation

The laser induced white emission (LIWE) from Sr₂CeO₄ nanocrystals upon irradiation with a focused IR laser beam was investigated. It was observed to be a threshold phenomenon with its intensity increasing exponentially with the excitation power density. This process was investigated under double laser beam simultaneous excitation in the UV range leading to Stokes emission in the visible range and in the IR range leading to anti-Stokes LIWE. With increasing LIWE intensity, the Stokes emission intensity strongly decreased. The LIWE is accompanied by efficient photocurrent generation depending on laser excitation density followed by multiphoton absorption and ionization processes. Photoimpedance measurements showed a sharp increase of the dielectric constant by several orders of magnitude in the Sr₂CeO₄ nanocrystals during the LIWE process demonstrating a metallic-like behaviour. The mechanisms of LIWE include multiphoton absorption and ionization that lead to the creation of a coupled pair of Ce³⁺ and Ce⁴⁺ ions that allow for the intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) emission transitions in the white light range. A strong decrease of absorption band intensity of Sr₂CeO₄ with increasing LIWE intensity confirms the creation of (Ce³⁺, Ce⁴⁺) pairs.