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Probing cell internalisation mechanics with polymer capsules.

Xi Chen1, Jiwei Cui1, Yuan Ping1

  • 1ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. fcaruso@unimelb.edu.au.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed polymer capsules to measure cell pressure during internalisation. Human macrophage cells exerted significant force, up to 360 kPa, highlighting cellular force quantification in biological processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Cellular internalisation involves mechanical forces.
  • Quantifying these forces is crucial for understanding cellular processes.
  • Existing methods for measuring cell-exerted pressure are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate polymer capsule-based probes for quantifying cell-exerted pressure during internalisation.
  • To measure the internalisation pressure exerted by human monocyte-derived macrophage THP-1 cells.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA) capsules using layer-by-layer assembly with tuneable mechanical properties.
  • Quantification of internalisation pressure (Pin) by correlating cell-induced capsule deformation with ex situ osmotically induced deformation.
  • Utilisation of human monocyte-derived macrophage THP-1 cells for pressure measurements.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed polymer capsule probes capable of measuring cellular forces.
  • Established a correlation between capsule deformation and internalisation pressure.
  • Quantified the pressure exerted by THP-1 cells during internalisation, reaching up to approximately 360 kPa.

Conclusions:

  • Polymer capsules are effective tools for quantifying cellular internalisation pressure.
  • Human monocyte-derived macrophage THP-1 cells exert substantial mechanical forces during internalisation.
  • This methodology provides a novel approach for biomechanical studies of cell-material interactions.