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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

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Evaluation of the In vivo Antitumor Activity of Polyanhydride IL-1α Nanoparticles

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Published on: June 28, 2021

Interleukin-2 Functionalized Nanocapsules for T Cell-Based Immunotherapy.

Stefanie U Frick¹, Matthias P Domogalla^1,2, Grit Baier²

¹Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz , Mainz D-55099, Germany.

|October 11, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel nanocapsules that target T cells using interleukin-2 (IL-2) for improved immunotherapy. This method overcomes T cells

Keywords:

T cells click chemistry human hydroxyethyl starch immunotherapy interleukin-2 murine nanocapsules

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Nanotechnology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Immunotherapy requires direct interference with specific immune cells in vivo.
Targeting T cells for biomedical applications is challenging due to their low endocytic activity.
Antibody-engineered nanoparticles are effective for dendritic cell function control but not T cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a method for direct and specific T cell targeting in vitro and in vivo.
To utilize interleukin-2 (IL-2) coupled to nanocapsules for T cell receptor-mediated internalization.
To engineer IL-2-functionalized nanocapsules for efficient targeting of human and murine T cell populations.

Main Methods:

Hydroxyethyl starch nanocapsules were functionalized with alkynes.
Azide-functionalized IL-2 was coupled to nanocapsules via copper-free click reactions.
Surface-linked IL-2 was quantified using anthracen azide.

Main Results:

Demonstrated direct and specific T cell targeting in vitro and in vivo.
Achieved IL-2 receptor-mediated internalization into T cells.
Engineered IL-2-functionalized nanocapsules effectively targeted human and murine T cells with varying IL-2 receptor affinities.

Conclusions:

Developed a novel nanocapsule-mediated technique for T cell targeting.
This method is a promising strategy for T cell-based immunotherapies.
The cytokine-related targeting system may be translatable to other applications.