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Updated: Mar 13, 2026
Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining, Imaging, and Analysis in Histological Samples of Lymphoma
Published on: January 9, 2019
[Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: Analysis of 18 cases]
Pilar Hernández-Jiménez1, Carmen Díaz-Pedroche1, Jaime Laureiro1
1Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España.
Background And Objective:
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a serious condition, caused by an improper regulation of the immune response to different stimuli of the immune system. Early diagnosis and treatment are a challenge for the clinician.
Patients And Method:
We conducted a retrospective study at our institution between 2010 and 2015, of adult patients diagnosed with HLH, in accordance with the criteria of the Histiocyte Society, analyzing their clinical characteristics, diagnostic and etiological studies and the outcome.
Results:
Eighteen patients were analyzed. Median time to diagnosis was 24 days. We found neoplastic etiology in 8 cases (7 hematologic), while it was infection-related in 6 (4 visceral leishmaniasis), and an inflammatory disease in one. In the remaining 3, an underlying cause for the HLH was not found. Course of treatment was corticosteroids in 16 patients, associated with cyclosporine in 2 of them, one received immunoglobulins, while another received etoposide with tacrolimus.
Conclusions:
We emphasize the scarce use of etoposide therapy, the currently recommended treatment. Overall mortality was 44%, mainly associated with neoplastic etiology (67 compared to 16.6% mortality in infection-related etiology, P<.05).
