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[Giant cell anaplastic anemia].

H K Gravdahl, K Beiske, R Langholm

    Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening : Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Raekke
    |August 20, 1989
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The Ki-1 antibody identified a new lymphoma type, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, often presenting with advanced disease. This lymphoma shares antigen expression with Hodgkin

    Area of Science:

    • Hematopathology
    • Immunohistochemistry
    • Oncology

    Context:

    • The Ki-1 antibody, raised against Hodgkin cells, reacts with Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells.
    • This antibody facilitated the identification of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), a distinct non-Hodgkin's lymphoma entity.
    • ALCL can co-exist with Hodgkin's disease, suggesting potential histogenetic links.

    Purpose:

    • To report on the experience of studying 16 cases of anaplastic large cell lymphoma diagnosed between October 1986 and February 1988.
    • To investigate the immunophenotypic characteristics, including T-, B-, and monocyte/macrophage lineage markers, and proliferative activity.
    • To compare the reactivity of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), leucocyte common antigen (LCA), and Ber-H2 (Ki-1 antibody) in frozen and paraffin sections.

    Summary:

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    • Sixteen cases of ALCL were analyzed, with three presenting alongside Hodgkin's disease.
    • Immunohistochemistry revealed predominantly T-cell phenotypes (10/15 cases), with high proliferative activity indicated by activation antigens.
    • While EMA expression was consistent in both frozen and paraffin sections, LCA and Ber-H2 reactivity was reduced in paraffin sections, indicating antigen degradation.

    Impact:

    • The study identified ALCL as a new lymphoma entity and highlighted its aggressive clinical course, with most patients diagnosed at advanced stages (III and IV).
    • Treatment response varied, with 9/14 actively treated patients achieving complete remission, but a significant mortality rate was observed.
    • The shared Ki-1 (CD30) antigen expression between ALCL and Hodgkin's disease supports a potential histogenetic relationship, guiding future research and classification.