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What are the leading causative pathogens in acute otitis media with tympanic membrane perforation?

Nuntigar Sonsuwan1, Patcharin Watcharinyanon2, Kittisak Sawanyawisuth3

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|October 13, 2016
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

The most common causes of acute otitis media with tympanic perforation in children are Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria showed high sensitivity to common antibiotics, guiding effective treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Acute otitis media (AOM) is a frequent childhood infection.
  • Tympanic perforation occurs in 5-30% of AOM cases.
  • Causative pathogens for AOM with tympanic perforation require further characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the primary bacterial pathogens responsible for AOM with tympanic perforation in children.
  • To determine the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of these identified pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study enrolled 40 children (3 months to 5 years) with AOM and tympanic perforation.
  • Middle ear pus samples were collected for culture and sensitivity testing.
  • Patients had not received Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae vaccinations.

Main Results:

  • All samples (100%) yielded positive cultures, identifying 13 organisms and 53 pathogens.
  • Haemophilus influenzae (35.8%) was the most frequent pathogen, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (26.4%).
  • Haemophilus influenzae showed 100% sensitivity to chloramphenicol, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, and ciprofloxacin. Staphylococcus aureus was 100% sensitive to oxacillin, vancomycin, and fusidic acid.

Conclusions:

  • Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus are the predominant pathogens in pediatric AOM with tympanic perforation.
  • These common pathogens demonstrate significant sensitivity to various antibiotics, supporting targeted therapeutic approaches.
Keywords:
Acute otitis mediaCulturePathogensSensitivityTympanic perforation

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