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Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) as a possible biomarker in patients with coronary artery disease
H Gutiérrez-Leonard1, E Martínez-Lara2, A E Fierro-Macías3
1Interventional Cardiology Laboratory, Hospital Central Militar, Secretaría de la Defensa Nacional, 11649, Mexico City, Mexico.
Insights
Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) levels in coronary blood may serve as a biomarker for identifying individuals at risk of coronary artery disease, despite no correlation with antioxidant enzyme activity.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Biochemistry
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Atherosclerosis, a primary cause of cardiovascular disease, is a leading cause of mortality.
- Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) has been implicated in cardiovascular disease progression.
- Elevated PAPP-A levels correlate with the severity of heart damage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between PAPP-A concentrations in coronary and peripheral blood.
- To examine the correlation of PAPP-A levels with clinicopathological factors.
- To assess the association between PAPP-A levels and antioxidant enzyme activities in coronary artery disease patients.
Main Methods:
- Blood samples (coronary and peripheral) were collected from 65 patients with coronary artery disease.
- Levels of PAPP-A, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), and superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD-2) were quantified using spectrometric assays.
- Statistical analyses were performed to determine correlations and significant differences.
Main Results:
- Coronary PAPP-A levels were significantly higher than peripheral levels and correlated with each other.
- Coronary PAPP-A levels were elevated in patients at risk for cardiovascular disease.
- Antioxidant enzyme activities were higher in coronary samples, but PAPP-A levels did not correlate with these activities.
Conclusions:
- PAPP-A levels in coronary blood show potential as biomarkers for identifying patients at risk of coronary artery disease.
- Further research may elucidate the precise role of PAPP-A in atherogenesis.
- PAPP-A may be a valuable indicator for cardiovascular risk stratification.
Background:
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the Western world, and a major cause of this disease is atherosclerosis. Research has demonstrated that pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) plays a role in cardiovascular disease, as evidenced by the association between PAPP-A and severity of heart damage.
Aim:
The aim of this work was to investigate the correlation between PAPP-A concentrations in coronary and peripheral blood and certain clinicopathological factors and antioxidant enzyme activities in patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease.
Methods:
For 65 patients, arterial blood was obtained by puncturing the femoral or radial artery, and coronary blood was obtained via percutaneous coronary intervention. PAPP-A, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), and superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD-2) levels were measured using spectrometric methods.
Results:
Coronary PAPP-A levels were slightly higher than peripheral PAPP-A levels (81.25 ± 2.34 and 62 ± 3 ng/mL, respectively, P < 0.0001); these levels were correlated with each other (r = 0.6629, P < 0.001) but not with clinicopathological factors (P > 0.05). Coronary PAPP-A levels were significantly elevated among patients at risk for cardiovascular disease (P < 0.05). Antioxidant enzyme activities were significantly higher in coronary samples than in peripheral samples from subjects with ischemic cardiopathy secondary to atherosclerosis (P < 0.001). Neither coronary nor peripheral PAPP-A levels were correlated with antioxidant enzyme activities in patients with cardiopathy secondary to atherosclerosis (P > 0.05).
Conclusions:
PAPP-A levels could be used as biomarkers to identify patients at risk of coronary artery disease.
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