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Bone Marrow Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels are Associated with the Progress of Multiple Myeloma
Li-Hong Shou1, Dan Cao1, Xiao-Hui Dong1
1Department of Hematology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou,Zhejiang 313003, China.
Abstract:
Objective To determine the mRNA and protein levels of urokinase plasminogen activator receptors (uPAR) in bone marrow fluid and bone marrow tissue from multiple myeloma (MM) patients and assess association of uPAR level with prognosis of MM. Methods uPAR levels in bone marrow fluid of 22 MM patients at the stable and progressive stages and 18 iron deficiency anemia patients with normal bone marrow (control) were examined by ELISA. Furthermore, uPAR expression in bone marrow tissue was investigated by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The distribution of uPAR in MM cells was examined using immunofluorescence staining. The pathological changes in different stages of MM patients were studied by HE staining. Results uPAR level in bone marrow fluid of MM patients (1.52±0.32 μg/ml) was found to be higher than that in the control group (0.98±0.15 μg/ml). Interestingly, uPAR protein (0.686±0.075 vs. 0.372±0.043, P<0.05) and mRNA (2.51±0.46 vs. 4.46±1.15, P<0.05) expression levels of MM patients at the progressive stage were significantly higher than those at the stable stage. The expression of uPAR in MM bone marrow was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. Moreover, HE staining revealed a great increased number of nucleated cells and severe impairment of hematopoietic function in the bone marrow of patients with progressive-stage myeloma. Conclusion Our study reveals that uPAR expression is positively correlated with the development and progress of MM.
Insights
Urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) levels are elevated in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Higher uPAR expression in bone marrow correlates with MM progression, indicating its role in disease development.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic malignancy characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of plasma cells.
- The urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is implicated in cell adhesion, migration, and invasion, processes relevant to cancer progression.
- Understanding the role of uPAR in MM pathogenesis is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) mRNA and protein levels in bone marrow of multiple myeloma (MM) patients.
- To investigate the association between uPAR levels and the clinical stages and prognosis of MM.
Main Methods:
- ELISA was used to measure uPAR in bone marrow fluid from MM patients and controls.
- RT-PCR and Western blot analyzed uPAR mRNA and protein expression in bone marrow tissue.
- Immunofluorescence and HE staining assessed uPAR distribution and pathological changes in MM bone marrow.
Main Results:
- uPAR levels in bone marrow fluid were significantly higher in MM patients compared to controls.
- Both uPAR protein and mRNA expression were significantly elevated in progressive-stage MM compared to stable-stage MM.
- Pathological examination revealed increased cellularity and impaired hematopoiesis in progressive MM bone marrow.
Conclusions:
- uPAR expression is upregulated in multiple myeloma.
- uPAR levels are positively correlated with the progression and severity of MM.
- uPAR may serve as a potential biomarker for MM prognosis and disease advancement.
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