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Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Strongyloidiasis-Related IRIS.

Haggai Bar-Yoseph1, Yaniv Zohar2, Margalit Lorber3

  • 11 Department of Internal Medicine H, Rambam Health Care Campus and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.

Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
|October 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strongyloidiasis hyperinfection syndrome (SHS) is rare in HIV patients. This case highlights a potential link between SHS recovery and gastrointestinal Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) after starting antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Keywords:
AIDSIRISstrongyloidiasis

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Helminthic infections and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) commonly coexist, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Strongyloidiasis, a helminthic infection, typically causes cutaneous and gastrointestinal symptoms and can progress to hyperinfection syndrome (SHS) in immunocompromised individuals.
  • Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) is a known complication following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in HIV patients.

Observation:

  • A 32-year-old female with recent Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) diagnosis initiated ART and recovered from SHS.
  • Upper endoscopy revealed severe duodenitis, but biopsies and stool examinations did not identify a causative agent.
  • The patient improved with symptomatic therapy.

Findings:

  • The clinical presentation and recovery course are consistent with a diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI)-related IRIS.
  • This case suggests a possible association between SHS recovery and the development of GI-IRIS in HIV-infected patients.

Implications:

  • Recognizing GI-IRIS is crucial for managing HIV patients with co-infections and initiating ART.
  • Further research may elucidate the complex interplay between helminthic infections, HIV, and immune reconstitution.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering IRIS in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal symptoms post-ART initiation.