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Clinical Imaging of Microwave Mammography

Clinical Imaging of Microwave Mammography

Published on: November 14, 2025

Microwave bone imaging: a preliminary scanning system for proof-of-concept.

Giuseppe Ruvio¹, Antonio Cuccaro², Raffaele Solimene²

¹Antenna and High Frequency Research Centre , Dublin Institute of Technology , Kevin Street , Dublin 8 , Ireland.

Healthcare Technology Letters

|October 14, 2016

Summary

This study demonstrates a new microwave bone imaging system for safe, non-ionizing scans. The automated scanner successfully created 3D images of bone, showing potential for low-cost, portable medical diagnostics.

Keywords:

accurate antenna positioning antenna miniaturisation antipodal Vivaldi antennas biomedical bone imaging bone bone tissues data acquisition data acquisition time distinctive dielectric contrast fat fats fibula frequency 0.5 GHz to 4 GHz fully automated scanner image formation procedure image reconstruction impedance mismatch mechanical uncertainties medical image processing microwave antennas microwave bone imaging technology microwave imaging multilayer phantom muscle phantoms portable nonionising imaging preliminary scanning system proof-of-concept skin synchronisation three-dimensional image tibia

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Medical Imaging Technology
Microwave Engineering

Background:

Current bone imaging methods like X-rays use ionizing radiation.
There is a need for non-ionizing, portable, and cost-effective bone imaging solutions.
Microwave imaging offers potential for safe and accessible medical diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the feasibility of a microwave-based scanning system for biomedical bone imaging.
To develop and validate an automated system for enhanced accuracy and reduced acquisition time.
To demonstrate the capability of reconstructing 3D bone images using microwave technology.

Main Methods:

A fully automated scanner controlling two antipodal Vivaldi antennas operating in the 0.5-4 GHz range was developed.
A multi-layer phantom simulating skin, fat, muscle, and bone tissues was used for proof-of-concept.
A coupling medium was employed to enable antenna miniaturization and mitigate impedance mismatch.
Accurate antenna positioning and synchronized data acquisition were crucial for image reconstruction.

Main Results:

The system successfully minimized mechanical uncertainties and data acquisition time.
A 3D image of tibia and fibula was reconstructed from the multi-layer phantom.
The reconstruction was enabled by the dielectric contrast between bone and surrounding tissues.
The proof-of-concept demonstrated the microwave imaging procedure's viability.

Conclusions:

The developed microwave bone imaging technology is viable, offering a low-cost, portable, and non-ionizing alternative.
The system simplifies image formation as no a-priori antenna characterization is required.
This technology has the potential for widespread application in bone imaging without needing specialized personnel.