Mesothelioma in Australia: cresting the third wave

Area of Science:

• Environmental Health
• Occupational Health
• Public Health

Background:

• A 'third wave' of asbestos-related diseases is increasingly recognized, linked to exposures during building repair, renovation, and demolition.
• The scope and risks of both occupational and non-occupational exposures in this third wave are largely unquantified.
• Information regarding the deterioration of asbestos in place and its impact on ambient and third-wave exposures is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the existing evidence on the 'third wave' of asbestos-related disease.
• To propose methods for assessing the risks associated with third-wave asbestos exposures.
• To guide community actions for mitigating harm and cost from the anticipated third wave.

Main Methods:

• Review of available literature and data on asbestos exposure and disease.
• Analysis of the challenges in assessing 'third wave' exposures.
• Development of a framework for risk estimation and management.

Main Results:

• The extent and risks of the 'third wave' of asbestos exposure are currently difficult to assess due to unmeasured occupational and non-occupational exposures.
• Significant knowledge gaps exist regarding the deterioration of in-situ asbestos and its contribution to ambient and third-wave exposures.
• Current evidence is insufficient for precise risk quantification and effective public health interventions.

Conclusions:

• Further research is critical to accurately estimate the risks of third-wave asbestos exposures.
• Developing standardized methods for measuring exposure and assessing deterioration is essential.
• Proactive strategies are needed to manage the 'third wave' of asbestos-related disease effectively and economically.