Breast US as primary imaging modality for diagnosing gynecomastia

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Medical Imaging
• Diagnostic Ultrasound

Background:

• Gynecomastia diagnosis often involves multiple imaging modalities.
• Standardizing classification systems for gynecomastia is crucial for accurate assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate breast ultrasound (US) as the primary imaging modality for diagnosing and classifying gynecomastia.
• To compare US findings and classification with mammographic results.

Main Methods:

• 48 patients with suspected gynecomastia underwent both mammography and US.
• Radiologists retrospectively evaluated images, classifying gynecomastia into non-mass, nodular, and flame-shaped patterns.
• Cytological examination and 6-month US follow-up served as reference standards.

Main Results:

• US identified true gynecomastia in 92% of cases, with non-mass, nodular, and flame shapes observed.
• Mammographic findings correlated with US results.
• Cytological examination confirmed glandular tissue in nodular/dendritic patterns.

Conclusions:

• Breast US is a suitable primary imaging tool for gynecomastia diagnosis and classification.
• US can potentially reduce the need for X-rays or invasive procedures for diffuse gynecomastia.
• Biopsy remains essential for definitive diagnosis in nodular or dendritic gynecomastia patterns.