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Onco-GPCR signaling and dysregulated expression of microRNAs in human cancer

Nijiro Nohata1, Yusuke Goto2, J Silvio Gutkind1,3

  • 1Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Journal of Human Genetics
|October 14, 2016
PubMed

Insights

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial in cancer. Their dysregulation impacts cancer progression, highlighting their roles in signaling pathways and potential as therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Signaling
  • Oncology

Background:

  • G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest cell-surface receptor family, vital for signal transduction.
  • Aberrant GPCR and G protein expression is linked to major human diseases, notably cancer.
  • GPCRs are key therapeutic targets, forming the basis for over 25% of marketed drugs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interplay between microRNAs (miRNAs) and GPCR signaling in human cancers.
  • To elucidate the roles of miRNAs in regulating GPCRs, their ligands, and associated G proteins.
  • To summarize how GPCR-regulated miRNAs influence cancer initiation, development, and metastasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on miRNA and GPCR interactions in cancer.
  • Analysis of miRNA functions regulated by GPCRs and associated molecules.
  • Examination of miRNAs targeting GPCRs, ligands, and G proteins.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs are aberrantly expressed in human cancers, influencing malignancy.
  • Dysregulation of miRNA-target gene expression correlates with cancer progression.
  • MiRNAs fine-tune various signaling pathways, including GPCR signaling.

Conclusions:

  • MiRNAs play significant roles in the initiation, development, and metastasis of human cancers.
  • The intricate relationship between miRNAs and GPCR signaling is critical in cancer.
  • Understanding these interactions offers potential for novel cancer therapies targeting GPCRs and miRNAs.

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