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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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Master Transcription Regulators02:23

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
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MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

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miRNAs in chronic myeloid leukemia: small molecules, essential function.

Zofia Litwińska1, Bogusław Machaliński1

  • 1a Department of General Pathology , Pomeranian Medical University , Szczecin , Poland.

Leukemia & Lymphoma
|October 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs play a key role in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) progression and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance. Targeting these small RNAs offers new therapeutic strategies for CML patients.

Keywords:
BCR-ABLCMLMicroRNAchronic myeloid leukemia

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a bone marrow stem cell disorder.
  • Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are standard CML therapy, but resistance and unresponsiveness occur.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their role in CML pathogenesis and TKI resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of microRNAs in chronic myeloid leukemia.
  • To explore microRNAs as biomarkers for CML diagnosis and treatment response.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting microRNAs in CML.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on microRNAs in CML.
  • Analysis of miRNA regulatory functions in leukemogenesis.
  • Examination of miRNA roles in TKI resistance and disease progression.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs are critical regulators of gene expression in CML.
  • Specific miRNAs are implicated in both promoting and suppressing leukemia.
  • MicroRNAs are involved in the development of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs are significant in CML pathogenesis and TKI resistance.
  • MicroRNAs hold promise as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for CML.
  • Modulating miRNA activity presents a potential novel therapeutic avenue for CML treatment.