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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
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AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
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Multimorbidity in rheumatic conditions.

Helga Radner1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, 1090, Austria. helga.radner@meduniwien.ac.at.

Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift
|October 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Multimorbidity, the presence of multiple diseases, is common in rheumatic conditions. Addressing these coexisting conditions is crucial for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Keywords:
ComorbidityMultimorbidityQuality of LifeRheumatic conditionsRheumatoid Arthritis

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Multimorbidity is increasingly recognized as a significant challenge in managing rheumatic diseases.
  • Rheumatologists frequently encounter aging patients with multiple chronic conditions, making multimorbidity the norm.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review prevalent comorbidities in patients with rheumatic conditions.
  • To analyze the impact of these comorbidities on physical function, quality of life, and mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on multimorbidity in rheumatic conditions.
  • Analysis of the interplay between rheumatic diseases and common comorbidities.

Main Results:

  • Identified the most frequent comorbidities associated with rheumatic conditions.
  • Detailed the impact of these comorbidities on key patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of rheumatic conditions requires a comprehensive approach that considers multimorbidity.
  • Addressing coexisting diseases is essential for optimizing patient care and prognosis in rheumatology.