Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 13, 2026
Author Spotlight: Exploring the Role of Unfolded Protein Response in HIV-1 Replication and Infectivity
Published on: June 14, 2024
Differences by HIV serostatus in coronary artery disease severity and likelihood of percutaneous coronary
Matthew J Feinstein1,2, Brian Poole3, Pedro Engel Gonzalez4
1Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N. St. Clair, Suite 600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. matthewjfeinstein@northwestern.edu.
Insights
Individuals with HIV undergoing cardiovascular stress testing showed similar coronary artery disease (CAD) severity but higher rates of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared to uninfected individuals.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is more prevalent and occurs earlier in individuals with HIV.
- Non-invasive testing's role in stratifying CAD risk in HIV-positive populations requires further definition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare CAD burden and intervention rates between HIV-infected and uninfected individuals with abnormal stress tests.
- To evaluate the utility of cardiovascular testing in HIV-infected patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study comparing HIV-infected patients and matched uninfected controls.
- Analysis of patients undergoing coronary angiography after abnormal echocardiographic or nuclear stress testing.
- Logistic regression models assessed severe CAD (≥70% stenosis) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) rates.
Main Results:
- HIV-infected patients (N=189) were significantly more likely to undergo PCI after abnormal stress testing compared to uninfected controls (N=319) (OR 1.85, P=0.003).
- No statistically significant difference in severe CAD burden was observed between HIV-infected and uninfected groups.
- A non-significant trend suggested higher CAD in HIV-infected patients.
Conclusions:
- HIV-infected patients with abnormal stress tests and subsequent angiography did not show a significantly higher CAD burden.
- HIV-infected patients were significantly more likely to receive PCI, indicating potential differences in treatment decisions or disease presentation.
Background:
HIV-infected persons develop coronary artery disease (CAD) more commonly and earlier than uninfected persons; however, the role of non-invasive testing to stratify CAD risk in HIV is not well defined.
Methods And Results:
Patients were selected from a single-center electronic cohort of HIV-infected patients and uninfected controls matched 1:2 on age, sex, race, and type of cardiovascular testing performed. Patients with abnormal echocardiographic or nuclear stress testing who subsequently underwent coronary angiography were included. Logistic regressions were used to assess differences by HIV serostatus in two co-primary endpoints: (1) severe CAD (≥70% stenosis of at least one coronary artery) and (2) performance of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). HIV-infected patients (N = 189) were significantly more likely to undergo PCI following abnormal stress test when compared with uninfected persons (N = 319) after adjustment for demographics, CAD risk factors, previous coronary intervention, and stress test type (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.12-3.04, P = 0.003). No associations between HIV serostatus and CAD were statistically significant, although there was a non-significant trend toward greater CAD for HIV-infected patients.
Conclusions:
HIV-infected patients with abnormal cardiovascular stress testing who underwent subsequent coronary angiography did not have a significantly greater CAD burden than uninfected controls, but were significantly more likely to receive PCI.
More Related Videos
05:58Testing Acetylcholine Followed by Adenosine for Invasive Diagnosis of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders
Published on: February 3, 2021
05:53Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty
Published on: July 24, 2013
Related Concept Videos
01:30Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies
01:27Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
01:27Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care
01:26Exercise Stress Test
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
01:30Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
01:19Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations