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Nonequilibrium quantum chains under multisite Lindblad baths.

Pedro H Guimarães1, Gabriel T Landi2, Mario J de Oliveira1

  • 1Instituto de Física da Universidade de São Paulo, 05314-970 São Paulo, Brazil.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates quantum XX chains coupled to multi-site heat reservoirs, revealing Landauer-like formulas for currents and unique steady-state properties dependent on bath coupling intensity.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Statistical mechanics

Background:

  • Quantum chains are fundamental models in condensed matter physics.
  • Understanding open quantum systems interacting with thermal reservoirs is crucial.
  • Previous studies often focused on single-site baths, limiting applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a quantum XX chain coupled to multi-site heat reservoirs at different temperatures and chemical potentials.
  • To derive analytical formulas for steady-state properties using a perturbative approach.
  • To compare the behavior with single-site bath models and analyze the impact of bath coupling.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling the system using Lindblad dissipators derived from fermionic normal modes.
  • Employing a perturbative method to derive analytical solutions for steady-state properties.
  • Calculating particle/magnetization currents and energy currents, and Onsager coefficients.

Main Results:

  • Derived analytical formulas for all steady-state properties.
  • Particle, magnetization, and energy currents exhibit Landauer's formula structure.
  • Onsager coefficients were obtained exactly, showing substantial differences from single-site bath results.
  • Demonstrated strong dependence of properties on bath coupling intensity.

Conclusions:

  • The multi-site bath coupling significantly alters system properties compared to single-site baths.
  • The weak-coupling regime satisfies Onsager reciprocal relations.
  • Analytical solutions provide a deeper understanding of non-equilibrium quantum transport in extended systems.