Dynamical Scheme for Interferometric Measurements of Full-Counting Statistics

Area of Science:

• Quantum electronics
• Mesoscopic physics
• Quantum information

Background:

• Full-counting statistics (FCS) are crucial for understanding charge transport in quantum systems.
• Measuring FCS in mesoscopic conductors is experimentally challenging.
• Entanglement entropy is a key measure of quantum correlations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a dynamical scheme for measuring full-counting statistics in a mesoscopic conductor.
• To demonstrate the scheme's applicability for measuring entanglement entropy.
• To show the scheme's robustness against dephasing.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer coupled to a mesoscopic conductor.
• Measuring phase shifts proportional to transferred charge.
• Obtaining FCS from average current measurements.
• Controlling the counting field via time-delayed voltage signals.

Main Results:

• The proposed scheme allows for the measurement of full-counting statistics.
• The scheme enables the calculation of entanglement entropy generated by electron partitioning.
• The method is robust against moderate environmental dephasing.

Conclusions:

• The dynamical scheme offers a practical approach to measuring charge transfer statistics and entanglement entropy.
• Recent advances in gigahertz quantum electronics make this scheme experimentally feasible.
• This work provides a new tool for investigating quantum transport phenomena.