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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI01:21

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI

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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, or CMRI, is a non-invasive diagnostic test that employs a magnetic field and radiofrequency waves to create precise images of the heart and arteries. It provides comprehensive information about cardiac anatomy, function, perfusion, and tissue characterization without ionizing radiation.IndicationsCMRI diagnoses various heart conditions, including tissue damage from heart attacks, ischemic heart disease, myocarditis, aortic issues (tears, aneurysms,...
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging01:19

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DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
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Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy01:25

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
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Imag(in)ing multiple sclerosis: Time to take better pictures.

Daniel S Reich1

  • 1National Institutes of Health, Translational Neuroradiology Section, Building 10, Room 5C103, 20892-4128 Bethesda, MD, USA.

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals widespread brain abnormalities in multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting a whole-brain disease. This study argues imaging can explore the origins of these MS abnormalities, not just describe them.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has identified extensive brain abnormalities in multiple sclerosis (MS) beyond traditional white matter lesions.
  • This has led to the concept of MS as a whole-brain disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate the implications of current MRI findings for understanding MS pathophysiology.
  • To propose that principled imaging approaches can investigate the origins of whole-brain abnormalities in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Review and critical analysis of existing MRI findings in multiple sclerosis.
  • Argument for a shift in imaging research focus from description to etiological investigation.

Main Results:

  • Current MRI findings suggest widespread brain involvement in MS.
  • The significance of these findings for understanding disease pathophysiology remains debatable.

Conclusions:

  • While MRI shows extensive brain abnormalities in MS, its implications for pathophysiology require careful consideration.
  • Imaging research should aim to elucidate the genesis of these abnormalities, not merely document them.