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State-related differences in heart rate variability in bipolar disorder
Maria Faurholt-Jepsen1, Søren Brage2, Lars Vedel Kessing1
1Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.
Journal of Psychiatric Research
|October 16, 2016
Summary
Heart rate variability (HRV) is altered in bipolar disorder (BD) based on affective state. Manic states show higher HRV than depressed or euthymic states, suggesting HRV as a potential state marker in BD.
Area of Science:
- Autonomic Nervous System Research
- Psychiatric Disorders
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects autonomic nervous system balance.
- Previous studies indicate reduced HRV in bipolar disorder (BD) patients.
- State-dependent HRV alterations in BD require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate state-dependent differences in HRV within bipolar disorder.
- To explore HRV as a potential biomarker for affective states in BD.
Main Methods:
- Prospective longitudinal study of 16 outpatients with BD over 31 affective states.
- Continuous monitoring of heart rate and movement using a 8g sensor for 3+ days/nights.
- Calculation of a proxy HRV measure from inter-beat intervals every 30 seconds.
Main Results:
- HRV was significantly higher by 18% during manic states compared to depressed states (p < 0.001).
- HRV was significantly higher by 17% during manic states compared to euthymic states (p < 0.001).
- No significant HRV difference was found between depressed and euthymic states (p = 0.12).
Conclusions:
- HRV alterations in bipolar disorder are state-dependent.
- HRV may serve as a candidate state marker for affective states in BD.
- Larger sample sizes are recommended for future research.
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