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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

339
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
339
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

308
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
308
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

303
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
303
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

308
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
308
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

291
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
291
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

787
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
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Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People
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Nutrition Recommendations in Elderly and Aging.

Hope Barkoukis1

  • 1Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

The Medical Clinics of North America
|October 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This article guides clinicians on maintaining older adult health by addressing physiologic changes, nutritional assessment tools, malnutrition risks, and evidence-based nutritional needs for this population.

Keywords:
AgingGeriatric giants, nutrition and agingNutrition recommendations for older adultsNutrition screening tools for older adultsPhysiologic changes of aging

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Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Clinical Practice

Background:

  • Physiologic changes in older adults significantly impact nutritional status.
  • Malnutrition is a prevalent concern in the aging population.
  • Understanding these factors is crucial for geriatric care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide clinicians with evidence-based guidance on geriatric nutrition.
  • To highlight key components for maintaining optimal health in older adults.
  • To address nutritional assessment and malnutrition risks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on aging and nutrition.
  • Synthesis of validated tools for nutritional status assessment.
  • Identification of risk factors for malnutrition in older adults.

Main Results:

  • Physiologic changes necessitate tailored nutritional approaches.
  • Validated tools aid in accurate nutritional status assessment.
  • Early identification of malnutrition risk factors improves outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal health in older adults depends on understanding nutritional influences.
  • Clinicians require evidence-based practices for geriatric nutritional care.
  • This guidance supports proactive management of nutritional health in aging individuals.