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[Syphilis].

N Dupin1

  • 1Service de dermatologie, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, CNR de la syphilis, Institut Cochin, U1016, université Paris Descartes, 89, rue d'Assas, 75006 Paris, France.

La Revue De Medecine Interne
|October 18, 2016
PubMed
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Syphilis is resurging, primarily affecting men who have sex with men, including those with HIV. Early diagnosis and treatment with penicillin are crucial, as re-infections are common and can be asymptomatic.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Syphilis has seen a significant resurgence globally since 2000.
  • The epidemic disproportionately affects men who have sex with men (MSM), with a high co-infection rate among HIV-positive individuals.
  • Understanding syphilis classification into early (contagious) and late (less contagious) stages is vital for public health management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the re-emergence of syphilis and its epidemiological trends.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis, particularly for neurosyphilis and ophthalmic syphilis.
  • To review current diagnostic and treatment strategies for syphilis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current epidemiological data on syphilis.
Keywords:
Early syphilisLate syphilisNeurosyphilisNeurosyphilis.SyphilisSyphilis précoceSyphilis tardive

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  • Analysis of clinical presentations, focusing on early and late stages.
  • Evaluation of serologic diagnostic methods and treatment protocols.
  • Discussion of follow-up strategies for syphilis patients.

    • Main Results:

    • Syphilis re-emergence is confirmed, with MSM and HIV-positive individuals being the most affected demographic.
    • Early syphilis, including primary, secondary, and early latent forms, poses a significant public health risk due to contagiousness.
    • Ophthalmic syphilis is a frequently under-diagnosed early form of neurosyphilis that impacts treatment efficacy.
    • Serologic tests are valuable for diagnosis and monitoring treatment response.
    • Benzathine benzyl penicillin G remains the standard treatment for early syphilis.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of the current syphilis epidemic requires heightened awareness and early detection, especially in high-risk populations.
    • Prompt diagnosis and treatment of early syphilis, including neurosyphilis, are critical to prevent long-term complications.
    • Regular follow-up is essential due to the high incidence of asymptomatic re-infections following treatment.