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Is Work-Related Rumination Associated with Deficits in Executive Functioning?

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Summary

Work-related rumination, or persistent thinking about work during leisure, is linked to executive functioning deficits. This suggests rumination is an executive control issue, not solely work demand-related, impacting interventions for unwinding.

Keywords:
cognitive failuresexecutive functioningpsychological detachmentrecoverywork-related rumination

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Occupational Health
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Work-related rumination, characterized by persistent thoughts about work during non-work hours, is linked to adverse health and wellbeing outcomes.
  • Executive functioning encompasses higher-order cognitive processes crucial for goal-directed behavior regulation, including planning, working memory, and inhibition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between work-related rumination and executive functioning.
  • To determine if work-related rumination is primarily an executive control issue rather than a direct consequence of work demands.

Main Methods:

  • Three studies were conducted: a cross-sectional study (n=240), a larger correlational study (n=939), and an interview-based study (n=2460).
  • Measures included self-reported work-related rumination, cognitive failures, cognitive flexibility, situational awareness, and specific executive function deficits.

Main Results:

  • Significant correlations were found between work-related rumination and poorer executive functioning proxies like cognitive failures and reduced situational awareness.
  • Higher levels of work-related rumination were associated with significantly increased odds of reporting cognitive failures, attention lapses, and absent-mindedness.
  • Work-related rumination correlated with deficits in task initiation, task completion, memory, sustained attention, and impulse control.

Conclusions:

  • Work-related rumination appears to be an executive functioning or control issue, rather than solely a response to work demands.
  • Findings underscore the importance of addressing executive functioning in interventions designed to help employees disengage from work and improve wellbeing.