Prostate Cancer Detection with Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System...

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Oncology
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) standardizes multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis.
• PI-RADS version 2 (PI-RADS v2) was developed to address limitations of the previous version.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate if PI-RADS v2 enhances the diagnostic accuracy of prostate mp-MRI compared to PI-RADS v1.
• To compare the performance of PI-RADS v1 and v2 in detecting PCa.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 401 patients with clinically suspicious PCa undergoing 3.0 T mp-MRI.
• Scoring of mp-MRI using both PI-RADS v1 and PI-RADS v2.
• Comparison of diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity using receiver operating characteristic curves and McNemar's test.

Main Results:

• PI-RADS v2 showed a higher area under the curve (0.942) than PI-RADS v1 (0.889) (P = 0.0001).
• In the transition zone (TZ), PI-RADS v2 demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity (96.36% vs. 76.36%, P = 0.003) and accuracy (92.70% vs. 81.02%, P = 0.002) compared to PI-RADS v1.
• Diagnostic performance in the peripheral zone (PZ) was similar between PI-RADS v1 and v2.

Conclusions:

• Both PI-RADS v1 and v2 exhibit good diagnostic performance for PCa detection.
• PI-RADS v2 offers improved diagnostic accuracy, especially in the transition zone, for prostate cancer detection using mp-MRI.