Metabolic disturbances induced by organotins through subchronic treatment in chickens. Second communication: mineral metabolism
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Abstract:
4 organotin derivatives (tributyltin acid, dibutyltin chloride, triphenyltin chloride, and triphenyltinbis (diethyl) dithiophosphate) were tested through subchronic treatment in 19 days old chickens. Their effects upon mineral metabolism were studied through biochemical investigations in kidney, bone, and blood. Bone mineral disturbances (depletion of Ca/P ratio) induced Ca elimination in blood, immobilised as calcium urates in kidney, and also increased values for alkaline phosphatase, following tin accumulation in bone. Butyl and phenyltin chloride were more toxic than dithiophosphate, and the intensity of effects was proportionate to the dose.
Insights
Organotin compounds disrupt mineral metabolism in chickens, causing bone issues and kidney problems. Toxicity varies by compound and dose, with butyl and phenyltin chlorides being more harmful.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Toxicology
- Animal Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Organotin compounds are industrial chemicals with known toxicity.
- Their impact on mineral metabolism in young animals requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of four organotin derivatives on mineral metabolism in chickens.
- To assess the biochemical changes in kidney, bone, and blood following subchronic organotin exposure.
Main Methods:
- Subchronic treatment of 19-day-old chickens with four organotin derivatives.
- Biochemical analysis of kidney, bone, and blood samples to evaluate mineral content and enzyme activity.
- Measurement of tin accumulation in bone tissue.
Main Results:
- Organotin exposure led to bone mineral disturbances, including a decreased calcium/phosphorus ratio.
- Calcium was eliminated in the blood and immobilized as calcium urates in the kidney.
- Increased alkaline phosphatase levels were observed, correlating with tin accumulation in bone.
- Butyltin and phenyltin chlorides exhibited higher toxicity than triphenyltin bis(diethyl) dithiophosphate.
- The observed effects were dose-dependent.
Conclusions:
- Organotin compounds, particularly butyltin and phenyltin chlorides, induce significant mineral metabolism disturbances in chickens.
- These disturbances manifest as bone demineralization, renal calcium deposition, and altered biochemical markers.
- The findings highlight the potential risks of organotin contamination in poultry and the environment.